C.preprocessor.cocos2d.shader

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What does #include actually do?

[ www.en.wikipedia.org ]

[phases]

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Logically, that copy/paste is exactly what happens. I'm afraid there isn't any more to it. You don't need the ;, though.
Your specific example is covered by the spec, section 6.10.2 Source file inclusion, paragraph 3:

A preprocessing directive of the form

# include "q-char-sequence" new-line

causes the replacement of that directive by the entire contents of the source file identified by the specified sequence between the " delimiters.

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//ccShaders.h

#ifndef __CCSHADER_H__

#define __CCSHADER_H__

#include ""

#include ""

NS_CC_BEGIN

extern CC_DLL const GLchar * ccPosition_uColor_frag;

extern CC_DLL const GLchar * ccPosition_uColor_vert;

extern CC_DLL const GLchar * ccPositionColor_frag;

extern CC_DLL const GLchar * ccPositionColor_vert;

......

NS_CC_END

#endif//

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//ccShaders.cpp

#include "ccShaders.h"

#define STRINGIFY(A)   #A

NS_CC_BEGIN

#include "ccShader_Position_uColor.frag"

#include "ccShader_Position_uColor.vert"

......

NS_CC_END

#endif//

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